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Description
Current references within 5 years.
Does the Faye Abdella Nursing Theory contribute to the discipline of nursing and if so in what specific way? What are the implications of the implementation of the
theory for nursing?
The paper needs to be focused on these two questions, it is a group assignment. Only focus on the 2 question above. I have included the instructions for the entire
group to give you a broad understanding. I have also included a paper submitted on the Theory as well.
Critique of Faye Abdellah Nursing Theory
Activity D
Group Project
Synthesis of One Fundamental Theory Applicable to Nursing
Purpose of the Assignment
The purpose of this activity is to provide the students with the opportunity to develop the ability to describe, analyze, and evaluate all aspects of a theory
applicable to advanced practice nursing. This is a group assignment: Maximum four students per group.
Directions
1. Select a theory applicable to advanced practice nursing. (Use a theory discussed in McEwen and Wills unless approved by the professor). Must not be one of
theories used during class.
2. In an 8-10 page paper (not including title page, abstract, body, and references) Describe, analyze and evaluate the theory.
a. The theory description includes the purpose, scope and origins of the theory as well as the major concepts, assumptions and theoretical propositions.
b. The theory analysis (or internal criticism/validity) includes whether the concepts and statements are theoretically and operationally defined and consistent.
Discuss the linkages; are they complete? Is the theory logically organized? Is there a model and if so does it clarify the theory? Are outcomes stated of predicted?
c. The theory evaluation (or external criticism/validity) includes whether the theory is congruent with current nursing standards, interventions or therapeutics.
Has it been tested empirically and/or supported by research? Does it appear to be accurate/valid? Is there evidence of use by advanced practice nurses? Is the theory
socially and/or cross-culturally relevant? Does it contribute to the discipline of nursing and if so, in what specific way? What are the implications of the
implementation of the theory for nursing?
(Modified from the ?Synthesized Method of Theory Evaluation? in McEwen and Wills, p.102.)
3. Include a reference list of 15-20 citations. References should include original citations of the theory, as well as comments about recent revisions and
evaluations about its use in the discipline.
4. For every day a paper is turned in after the due date 10% will be deducted from the grade/day
This activity is worth 25 points, which will be allocated in the following way:
1. The theory description is complete, clearly stated and supported by evidence. ? 5 points
2. The theory analysis is thorough, thoughtfully discussed and supported by evidence. ? 4 points
3. The theory evaluation is complete and supported by evidence from the literature. ? 4 points
5. The discussion demonstrates clarity. ? 4 points
6. All aspects of the assignment follow APA guidelines. ? 4 points
7. The references are appropriate, of good quality, current and varied. ? 4 points.
Activity E
Activity E
Group Project
Oral Presentation of Theory Synthesis
Purpose
The purpose of this activity is to provide the student with an opportunity to develop skills as a speaker who can create understanding of the concepts, concept
linkages, level of theory and the theory?s potential for use in advanced practice nursing. This is a group presentation based on Activity C. Each student will be
graded on his/her own portion of the Oral Presentation.
Directions
1. Prepare a summary of your 8-10 page paper so you can deliver it to the class in 20-30 minutes.
2. Prepare cue cards so ?paper shuffling? does not interrupt your presentation.
3. Prepare a one page abstract, an outline, and one page of references for the audience.
4. Use appropriate media to enhance the group?s understanding and participation in your presentation.
5. Be prepared to lead a discussion with the class following your presentation.
Grading
This activity is worth 10 points, which will be allocated according to the following criteria:
1. The presentation was clear, organized and with appropriate and enhancing media. ? 2 points
2. The presentation of the subject was accurate. ? 2 points
3. The presentation covered the subject completely. ? 2 points
4. There was a discussion of the research conducted regarding the theory?s use in
Advanced Practice Nursing. ? 2 points
5. All members/each member of the group were/was involved in the presentation. ? 1 points
6. The presenters involved the group in the discussion and responded to questions. ? 1 points
Hybrid Class Discussions DO not start ahead this will change!
Purpose
The purpose the Online Discussion Forum is to provide the student with an opportunity to engage in online collegial discussions with fellow students on selected
Nursing Theory topics, textbook chapters, and student reflections from class discussions, studying reading assignments, and class activities. Each student will be
graded on his/her own participation in Online Discussion Forums.
Directions
1. This is linked to assignment A
2. Responses to 3 peers must be a minimum of 1 page (single spaced). These responses need to be thoughtful and supported by at least 3 references and one link.
2. Read all posts during each Hybrid Class Online Discussion Forum by fellow students, which is to be reflected in the Blackboard utility statistics for each
student.
Grading
This activity is worth 5 points each weekend (total of 15 points), which will be allocated according to the following criteria:
1. The response post is thorough, substantive, and applied to practice. ? 1 points
2. The answer to the question(s) and/or response to a theoretical issue post is substantive, and reflects the students ability to discuss/define the topic and
include references. ? 2 points
3. All Hybrid Class Online Discussion Forum student posts meet date/time deadlines, frequency/quantity requirements, and length/format guidelines. ? 2 points
4. No late work accepted
Hybrid Class Online Discussion Forum: Questions & Theoretical Issues
To be determined
Abstract
Faye Abdellah Theory focuses on man, health, environment and nursing. The concepts of nursing are categorized into twenty-one problem areas that address the basic
patient needs and emphasize that nurses should treat the patient overall health and not solely focus on the illness. Faye Abdellah sets a platform for nurses to apply
knowledge and develop a plan of care unique to individual patient problems with specific goals that impact the patient outcome. A Holistic approach is taken by the
nurse to help the patient achieve an optimum state of health. Faye Abdellah views nursing as a comprehensive helping profession that uses art and science exercising a
problem solving approach.
Faye Abdellah Nursing Theory
A theory is a comprehensive collection of overall prepositions used for examination of principles; it could also be a collection of related notions that suggest action
which guides a certain practice. A nursing theory is, therefore, a set of opinions that refers to relationships, definitions, and assumptions derived from nursing
representations or projects and disciplines with a systematic observation of phenomena by scheming particular interrelationships among concepts for the purpose of
explaining, predicting, describing and prescribing. Nursing theories are important since they provide foundations for nursing practices, help to further generate
knowledge and give a guideline on how nursing should progress in future, they are also important for they help one to decide what they know and what they need to know
(Burns & Grove, 1997).
Faye Glenn Abdellah made her name from the professionalism of nursing by putting into words 21 concepts of nursing problems; this approach changed the
concentration of healing to patient-centered from disease-centered. It started by including care for elderly and families in the nursing care. The theory is also
referred to as the human needs theory; it was created to promote nursing education for most sound practices and other relevant nursing education (Cartwright, 2002). In
Abdellah?s opinion, nursing is established on science and art which forms the intellectual competencies, attitudes, and technical knowledge that an individual nurse
who has the ability and desire to help the sick people to cope with their health needs. This theory was created to cater for human needs where the patient is the
center and should come first; this was to help in promoting people?s health and the social aspect of a person. This theory anticipated to changes that affect nursing
which include: the influence of problems such as pollution, poverty, education, and racism; and the connection of social issues, enterprise and their effect on health.
It has also helped in the expansion of nursing leaders from unserved categories. The problems are categorized into three main groups which are: sociological, physical
and emotional requirements of a patient. She used some basic needs identified by Henderson which explain human requirements which helped in the arrangement of nursing
difficulties.
According to Abdellah and her colleagues, there are some certain practices which the nurses should do, they include: sorting out appropriate data, studying to know the
patient and finding the therapeutic plan for the patient. Some include validating the patient?s conclusions on matters about his or her nursing problems, discussing
and developing a comprehensive nursing care plan. They also consistently observe and evaluate the patient over a period to identify any changes in behavior that could
be affecting them, and develop a possible solution to such problem. Some make simplifications of the problem after using the available data about similar problems
experienced by other patients. Others test the obtained simplifications and make more generalizations, find out how the nurse feels about the patient problems and
finally observe the family and the patient?s reaction after caring out a therapeutic plan (Chaska, 1983).
After carrying out a nursing analysis, they were able to determine the extent and nature of problems presented by individual patients receiving nursing functions and
care. The 21 issues identified include:
? To uphold good cleanliness and physical relaxation.
? To support optimal exercise, activity, sleep and rest.
? To confirm safety through avoidance of injury, accidents or other trauma also avoiding the spread of contamination and other infections.
? To preserve normal body procedure and prevent and exact deformities.
? To enable the maintenance and supply of oxygen through the body cells.
? To facilitate the maintenance of diet requirements of all body cells.
? To allow the support of exclusion of what is not needed.
? To facilitate the maintenance of electrolyte balance and body ?uid.
? To identify the physiologic reactions of the body towards a particular disease condition.
? To allow the maintenance of regulatory instruments and function.
? To enable the upkeep of sensory function.
? To recognize and take positive and negative feelings, expressions and reactions.
? To facilitate the maintenance of effective nonverbal and verbal communication.
? To encourage the expansion of productive interpersonal relations.
? To enable progress toward attainment of personal spiritual objectives.
? To create and uphold a therapeutic atmosphere.
? To allow awareness of oneself with varying emotional, developmental and physical.
? To receive the best possible goals in light of emotional and physical limitations.
? To use community properties as assistance in problems solving which arise from illness.
? To comprehend the role of social difficulties as in?uencing aspects in the foundation of an illness.
Also, these needs are further subdivided into four categories of care needs which are: support, essential, curative and educative (Creese, 2010).
Support care needs include: facilitating and maintenance of the supply of oxygen to all body cells that enable the maintenance of diet requirements of all body cells.
They also permit the maintenance of exclusion of what is not needed, allow the maintenance of electrolyte balance and body ?uid, and identify the physiologic reactions
of the body towards a particular disease condition. Likewise, they enable the upkeep of sensory function, and allow the maintenance of regulatory instruments and
function.
Essential needs include: upholding good cleanliness and physical relaxation and defending the optimal exercise, activities, sleep, and rest. They also support safety
through avoidance of injury, accidents or other trauma and the avoidance of the spread of contamination and other infections, preserve whole body procedure and prevent
and exact deformities (Hinshaw, Feetham, & Shaver, 1999).
Curative care needs include: the receiving the best possible objectives in light of emotional and physical limitations, use community properties as assistance in
problems solving which arise from illness and comprehend the role of social difficulties as in?uencing aspects in the foundation of an illness.
Educative care needs include: recognized and take positive and negative feelings, expressions and reactions, create and uphold a therapeutic atmosphere, enable
progress toward attainment of personal spiritual objectives, encourage the expansion of productive interpersonal relations and permit the upkeep of effective nonverbal
and verbal communication.
She identified some skills which help inpatient treatment; these skills included: planning and organization of work, observation of health condition, application of
knowledge which the nurse has learned through observation and theory. Some learn through communication skills, teaching the patients and family, solving a problem, in
therapy use of the self, application of nursing procedures, delegation of work to other colleagues and use of available resources (Dahnke & Dreher, n.d.).
Abdellah explained nursing as an involving activity which involves adjusting the care plans to suit the patients? needs, assisting the individual to familiarize with
the emotional and physical difficulties. Others include carrying out a continuous assessment to of the patient performance to enable them to improve their condition,
giving out permanent painkillers to help the individual have comfort and providing them with security. They also involve making decisions on the appropriate nursing
principle to solve any arising problem, asking the friends of the patient to help where the individual is encountering difficulties, working with other professionals
in health related matters to ensure proper planning in international, national, state and local levels.
Her work is a set of problems which are used to identify the needs of a patient which will bring satisfaction and quick problem solving. The nursing process and
challenges have been grouped into five phases. Firstly, the assessment phase where data is collected for any observed problem and an indirect or direct approach is
taken. Secondly, the nursing analysis which is done using the received data and the problem can be grouped into one or more categories of the nursing problems.
Thirdly, a plan is developed with significant nursing intrusions (Hoskins & Mariano, 2004). Fourthly, after the plan is developed setups are made to complete the
implementation phase. Finally, the nurse assesses their advancement or lack of improvement in the attainment of goals established in the planning phase.
The theory has acknowledged the following strengths. Firstly, it is a good practice which has been used for patients with particular needs and problems; the model has
acted as a guide to several activities in medical situations. Secondly, the language used is simple and easy to grasp; this has helped the patients and the nurses to
apply it without much difficulties or any other need for clarity. Thirdly, it has helped in problem-solving approach for patients with specific health needs and nurses
with nursing problems. Finally, the theory addresses the issues of problem solving which is very reasonable in nature (Rayudu, 2010).
However, the theory has faced some weaknesses which include where the method has displayed much concentration on nurse care which is opposite to nursing actions.
Consequently, the focus has been placed deeply on nursing practice and individuals this has limited the ability to attend to other problems to give them a solution
too. Another point is that what a client?s lack was addressed as the health care and this two are not related. Lastly, due to lack of consistency, the patient may be
diagnosed with many problems which may be overlooked since the client is not at any specific stage of a disease.
There are some applicable nursing practices which are relevant to real life scenario. To begin with, patients in hospitals are bathed every morning and dressed to
clean gowns to keep them hygienic. Secondly, in families patients with difficulty in elimination are provided with the diet with a supplement of fiber to help them
improve their condition. Thirdly, in administrations, workplaces and families if a person is deaf they communicate to them using body language to help them meet their
basic need despite the failure of some sensory organs in the body (Thompson, Allen, & Rodrigues-Fisher, 1992). In hospitals the nurses, and the clinical staff knock
before entering the room to give the privacy patients need to show that they respect their human needs. Patients do have different needs and therefore a goal ought to
be set to enable attainment of all requirements. Efforts are made to the social environment for people who do not have families and may come from streets for the
community to accept the patients (Yatromanolakis, 2009).
References
Burns, N. & Grove, S. (1997). The practice of nursing research. Philadelphia: Saunders.
Cartwright, R. (2002). Communication. Oxford, U.K.: Capstone Pub.
Chaska, N. (1983). The Nursing profession. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Creese, D. (2010). The monochord in ancient Greek harmonic science. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Dahnke, M. & Dreher, H. Philosophy of science for nursing practice.
Hinshaw, A., Feetham, S., & Shaver, J. (1999). Handbook of clinical nursing research. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.
Hoskins, C. & Mariano, C. (2004). Research in nursing and health. New York: Springer Pub. Co.
Rayudu, C. (2010). Communication. Mumbai [India]: Himalaya Pub. House.
Thompson, J., Allen, D., & Rodrigues-Fisher, L. (1992). Critique, resistance, and action. New York: National League for Nursing Press.
Yatromanolakis, D. (2009). An archaeology of representations. Athens: Institute du Livre, A. Kardamitsa.