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Discussion Topic 1: In the Real Word: Scenario for Discussion

In Little Rock, Arkansas, a church pastor was found guilty of payroll tax fraud by withholding employee payroll taxes and failing to remit them from 2006 through 2010. The pastor is serving a sentence of 33 months in prison with 5 years of supervised release and $450,000 in restitution to the IRS.

Do you think this was a fair sentence? Why or why not? Use the tax laws presented in this chapter to support your answer.

Can you make response each posted below# 1 to 2

1 From: Tyler Cugino posted Aug 11, 2018 6:10 PM

After reading the case stated above and thinking about it, I feel that the pastor is serving a sentence of 33 months in prison with 5 years of supervised release and $450,000 in restitution to the IRS is a fair sentence. I feel way because he purposely did not pay any or all of his payroll taxes. This is highly illegal and unfair because everyone else has to pay these payroll taxes so why would he think it is alright for him not to. The statute that best fits this case is ‘Title § 26 USC Willful’ which authorizes any person in Arkansas was to adhere to the terms of giving returns and failure to pay any required taxes should result in a penalty. In this case, the pastor is rightfully given imprisonment for 33 months with 5 years of supervised release and is fined $450,000 for the taxes he did not pay.

In conclusion, the pastor is being fairly charged for committing payroll tax fraud for five years. This is breaking the law and is unfair to those of us that pay every single tax required of us by the government.

2 From: Christina Watson posted Aug 10, 2018 12:54 PM

Hello Professor and class,

The pastor’s sentencing and fines were fair due to the fact that he willfully evaded paying the employee payroll taxes. He took a huge risk not paying the taxes and must pay the consequences. Employers must report income and employment taxes withheld from their employees on an Employer’s Quarterly Federal Tax Return (Form 941) and deposit these taxes in full to an authorized bank or financial institution pursuant to Federal Tax Deposit Requirements. Employers are also responsible for filing a FUTA return annually, and depositing those taxes. Payroll taxes are the government’s money. These taxes which would include FICA, FUTA, and SUTA, and additionally could include local taxes, worker’s compensation and 401(k) contributions where applicable. Employers who do not comply with the employment tax laws may be subject to criminal and civil sanctions for willfully failing to pay employment taxes.

Employees suffer because they may not qualify for Social Security, Medicare, or unemployment benefits when employers do not report or pay employment and unemployment taxes. Consequently, taxes withheld and paid by compliant employers are used to pay the refunds and social security benefits of employees whose employers did not pay the withheld taxes. Under Title 26 USC § 7201 & § 7203, willful means a voluntary, intentional violation of a known legal duty. The IRS does not have to prove that the person had bad faith or a bad purpose. In addition, the financial circumstances of the person or the company he or she is acting for are not considered in determining whether the failure to pay the tax was willful. Therefore, his fine and imprisonment time are appropriate due to the nature of the fraud.

Title 26 USC § 7203 and § 7201 Explanations:

Title 26 USC § 7203. Willful failure to file return, supply information, or pay tax. Any person required under this title to pay any estimated tax or tax, or required by this title or by regulations made under authority thereof to make a return, keep any records, or supply any information, who willfully fails to pay such estimated tax or tax, make such return, keep such records, or supply such information, at the time or times required by law or regulations, shall, in addition to other penalties provided by law, be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof shall be imprisoned not more than 1 years, or fined not more than $100,000 for individuals ($200,000 for corporations), or both, together with cost of prosecution.

Title 26 USC § 7201. Attempt to evade or defeat tax. Any person who willfully attempts in any manner to evade or defeat any tax imposed by this title or the payment thereof shall, in addition to other penalties provided by law, be guilty of a felony and, upon conviction thereof shall be fined not more than $100,000 ($500,000 in the case of a corporation), or imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both, together with the costs of prosecution (U.S. Government Publishing Office, n.d.)

References

U.S. Government Publishing Office. (n.d.) Government Publications.: 26 U.S.C. 7203 – Willful Failure to File Return, Supply Information, or Pay Tax. Retrieved on August 09, 2018 from https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/granule/USCODE-2015-titl…

on the proposed outline, suggest at least one improvement to the outline.

Memo outline

It is always good to keep a neutral tone in writing as it ensures that only reasonable explanations and facts are communicated. Using a neutral tone also ensures that discriminatory and offensive language is not used in writing. No bias will be witnessed when a neutral tone is used and hence the tone always captivates and interests the targeted group(Richardson, L. (1990). A neutral tone is impersonal and the writer has to focus only on figures and facts.

Different techniques are used in writing to ensure that the tone is neutral and some of them include;

• Refraining from using personal pronouns which may make the written g to look more subjective and avoid making the reader thinking that you are injecting your own ideas
• Not asking questions but rather rewording them into statements. The writer should present the facts the way they are
• Using only facts and figures. Research has to be conducted from unbiased sources and the reader should be shown where the facts came from
• In order to show that you are not biased, one should also show opposing viewpoints in his or her writing
• The reader should also poke the readers into action as a way of inspiring them
• There should also be a spark of energy in the writing so as to influence the readers and also show compassion where the readers seem to be frustrated

Law office memo outline

The memo to the law office will cover the following items;

1. The issues discussed with Rich N. Moore concerning Ms. Dorite’s case
2. Duty of the city in ensuring that the streets are in a safe condition
3. What the city does to ensure the streets are in safe
4. Examples of Illinois cases related with the duty of the city in keeping the streets safe
5. Ruling of the cases
6. The current safety condition of the streets

During the first week of the course, I would like for you to select a public place that you do not already frequent. This can be a site on campus, in Los Angeles (e.g., Venice Boardwalk or the Santa Monica Pier), or elsewhere (e.g., an open religious service or an open courtroom). I would like for you to spend at least an hour in this space, experiencing it in whatever capacity is appropriate.

Then, I would like for you to go home and write field notes describing the space, as per the excerpts from the Emerson, Fretz, and Shaw book. Some questions that you may ask include: How would you describe the space? Who is there (and who is not)? What literally and symbolically happens in the space? How do you see others? How do you see yourself being seen? How does this make you feel? Do you belong? Do you feel like an insider/outsider?

The goal here is to capture your impressions of a place at Time 1.

These field notes should be at least one page single spaced with 1” margins and written in 12 point Times New Roman font.

Please try and use a mall for this work.

You will need to stake out an place for at least an hour and write up a page on it single spaced. I would prefer it if you picked a mall near you to attend and do the field work on.

From the attached datasets select one data set and prepare below assignment: Time Limit (7Days)

Assignment :

Using Power BI, analyze one of the data sets provided in this course. Use your analysis to create a Power BI assignment for students in ITS 530.

Instructions:

1. Select a data set provided in this course.
2. Explore this data set using Power BI
3. Present your analysis in the form of an assignment for students in ITS 530. Your report must include the following:
   • Instructions for students with screen shots walking the student through each step that you took to get your results in Power BI
   • A list of hints and suggestions for students
   • A resource list for students that tells them where to find online help to specific steps in the instructions
   • An answer key and grading guide for faculty

Your research paper should meet the following criteria.

• Follow all APA standards
• Be double spaced and at least 3 pages (900 words), but not more than 5 pages (1500 words) of content. Thus, the cover page, reference page, and appendices do not count toward the page requirement.
• Be organized in a way that clearly differentiates the sections described in number 3 above.
• Be typed in an easy-to-read font in MS Word (other word processors are fine to use but save it in MS Word format).