In this six- to eight-page research paper, you will explore in detail one of the statistical approaches to research discussed in the course, applying it in the context of a specific application or methodological study. This will help you gain a deeper understanding of your chosen topic as well as gain experience in translating these ideas into practice. Select a topic for your research paper using any of the statistical methods that we discussed in the course as it relates to your area of interest in either business, economics, finance, management, social science, health, psychology, or education.

Find at least three relevant research articles which:

• Support your chosen topic.
• Discuss previous work on modeling/analysis in the area you’ve selected.
• Have the statistical analysis and results from research conducted.
• Cover technical aspects of the statistical methods discussed in class.

These can be found in the Ashford University Library by going to a research database such as JSTOR or ProQuest and searching for your topic. At least three of your sources must be from peer-reviewed scholarly journals.

Your paper must include the following:

• Introductory Paragraph: Identify the purpose of the paper, the common research issue, and the corresponding statistical test in your opening paragraph.
• Context Development: Discuss the three articles used, the focus of the articles, the research questions and hypotheses, and how the statistical technique helps answer the research question in the studies.
• Statistical Tool Discussion: Discuss the role of statistics in research and the common statistical test uses, limitations, and interpretation.
• Conclusion: Summarize the elements of the chosen statistical test and the kinds of research questions the statistical test can help answer in your conclusion.
• Resources: Provide a reference page listing all sources used in the development of this paper in American Psychology Association (APA) format. All literature/computer/interview/resources should be cited and listed.

The Final Paper:

• Must be six to eight double-spaced pages in length, excluding the title and reference pages, and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
• Must include a title page with the following:
  • Title of paper
  • Student’s name
  • Course name and number
  • Instructor’s name
  • Date submitted
• Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.
• Must use at least three scholarly sources from the Ashford Online Library, in addition to the text.
• Must document all sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
• Must include a separate reference page, formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.

Complete Chapter 4 problems 67 and 78 from page 204 and 206 at the end of the chapter. Refer to the associated files: P04_67.xlsxfor problem 67 and P04_78.xlsxfor problem 78.

. Each year the employees at Zipco receive a $0, $2000,

or $4500 salary increase. They also receive a merit

rating of 0, 1, 2, or 3, with 3 indicating outstanding

performance and 0 indicating poor performance. The

joint probability distribution of salary increase and

merit rating is listed in the file P04_67.xlsx. For

example, 20% of all employees receive a $2000

increase and have a merit rating of 1. Find the correlation

between salary increase and merit rating. Then

interpret this correlation.

78. A manufacturing plant produces two distinct products,

A and B. The cost of producing one unit of A is $18

and that of B is $22. Assume that this plant incurs a

weekly setup cost of $24,000 regardless of the number

of units of A or B produced. The means and standard

deviations of the weekly production levels of A and B

are given in the P04_78.xlsx.

a. Assuming that the weekly production levels of A

and B are independent, find the mean and standard

deviation of this plant’s total weekly production

cost. Between which two total cost figures can you

be about 68% sure that this plant’s actual total

weekly production cost will fall?

b. How do your answers in part a change if you

discover that the correlation between the weekly

production levels of A and B is actually 0.29?

Explain the differences in the two sets of results.

Encryption Using File Streams

Part A

Complete the following questions:

1. Write C++ code to open a document with the name Hello.txt, place the message “Hello, World!” in the document, and exit the document. Re open the file you closed, and read the message into a string variable. Exit out of the file.
2. When do you open the file as an ifstream, as an ofstream, or as an fstream? Could you simply open all files as an fstream?
3. Why is the ifstream parameter of the read_data procedure in the previous question a reference parameter and not a value parameter?
4. What is the difference between a text file, and a binary file?

Part B

Random monoalphabet cipher.

The caeser cipher, which shifts all letters by a certain amount, is easy to decipher. Try this, instead of numbers use letters. Consider this, the word is FEATHER. Remove duplicate letters, making FEATHR, and append the rest of the letters of the alphabet in reverse order.

Now encrypt the letters as follows:

See exhibit A

Now, write a program that encrypts or decrypts a file using this cipher.

For example,

crypt –d –kFEATHER encrypt.txt output.txt

decrypts a file using the keyword FEATHER. You must always supply a keyword.

Requirements include,

• Cover Page with Name, Date, and Title of Assignment
• Use headings to separate the sections of the paper (use the Questions selected)
• Page numbers
• Double-spacing
• Times New Roman, size 12
• Use a minimum of four sources (from the past four years) for each response
• In-text citations in APA style
• Reference page using APA style

Select any four of these six topics for your Final Written Assignment and address each question comprehensively:

1. It
   has been said that “a company that deserves a union gets one,”
   suggesting that if proper leadership and motivation techniques are
   employed and desirable policies devised, the workers will not want to
   unionize. Either agree or disagree with this philosophy. Support your
   position and explain what a company could do to create an environment
   where workers will not want to unionize. 

2. Some
   means of resolving negotiations impasses involve economic weapons (e.g.
   strikes and lockouts). There are other means of impasse resolution that
   do not involve the use of economic weapons (e.g. fact finding,
   mediation, med/arb/interest arb, etc.). Select two (2) non- economic
   means of impasse resolution, 1) explain how each one functions and 2)
   discuss the relative pros and cons of each.
3. Unions
   have declined as a percentage of the workforce in the private sector.
   With this decline, have career and workplace dissatisfaction and
   alienation increased? If so, why is this so? If not, why not? Support
   your position.
4. List
   and discuss some of the advantages and disadvantages in using seniority
   as a factor to determine shift preference or overtime assignments.
5. Identify
   two different steps a company should take to prepare for its first
   round of bargaining with the union pre-negotiation activities. Explain
   why each of the steps you have identified is critical to achieving an
   initial successful collective bargaining agreement with the union.
6. Identify and explain the major ways in which the government is an important participant in the labor relations.