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HYUNDAI

Hyundai’s strategy is to sell more cars for less than the competition. With the rest of the auto industry in free fall being off 21% from the previous year, Hyundai’s U.S. sales had increased 8%. Michael Brown, Vice President of Atlantic Hyundai’s parent company, a dealership network, indicates that Hyundai has the hot hand with an aim to dominate the marketplace. John Kraftchick, President and CEO of Hyundai Motor American, is interviewed saying that Hyundai’s chairman initiated the move to achieve the highest level of quality in the industry in 5 years. With a quantum leap in quality, Hyundai has new models that are, now, well-equipped, fuel efficient, and stylish. James Bell, analyst for the auto industry’s Kelly Blue Book, reflects upon the first 1986 Hyundai to enter the marketplace. He concludes that Hyundai retrenched and came back stronger by curing their reliability and durability concerns with longer warranties and a blitz of ads that gained consumer public attention. The Toyota downfall is an advantage for Hyundai but Hyundai, too, experienced its own recalls. The Vice President for Hyundai Motor America concludes with their concerns that Hyundai may experience the Toyota woes but it has been a wakeup call. John Kraftchick provides a sneak peek of the newest Hyundai flagship automobile that will compete with the BMW 7 Series, Mercedes Benz S Class, Lexus LS, and those cars that cost $70,000 to over $100,000 dollars. He concurs that Hyundai stands for something different rather than price. While Hyundai remains reactive, they are concerned about vehicles from India, Vietnam, China and other upstarts just like Hyundai once was.

Also check out http://www.hyundaiusa.com/ and http://worldwide.hyundai.com/

1. Describe Hyundai’s competitive behavior.
2. What kind of competitive dynamics might you expect from Hyundai and other automakers?
3. Is Hyundai involved in multimarket competition? Why or why not?
4. What impact will market commonality have on competitive responses in the auto industry?
5. Can Hyundai be identified as a late mover? If so, why? And what consequences should they be knowledgeable of?

Written Assignment

Written Assignment

If We Knew Then What We Know Now…

It is unlikely that you were familiar with all of the theorists presented in this module before you started this course. Which one set of theories, or particular theorist, was new to you?

Summarize the key elements of her or his point of view.

Explain how exposure to this theory or theorist has changed your ways or thinking or knowing by giving an example of your learning which now seems different.

To the best of you knowledge, will your actions and behavior be any different as a result of this exposure? Or not? Explain how it might generalize to other experiences, or, alternatively, just become an interesting footnote.

Be sure to cite your sources carefully, and in APA style.

Reference:  Noddings, N. (2004). Philosophy of education. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

And what ever other references you need

500 words is good

use this word file to access the hyperlinks Create Schema.docx 

Create Schema

The below PowerPoint slideshow (which can be downloaded and printed off) features a number of screenshots of the MS Access relationship screenof several star schemas created by the instructor. (Why do you think they are called star schemas?)

Task: Within MS Access, reproduce 2 schemas: the mandatory schema (Frozen Food), and choose one other to reproduce from the remaining optional schemas.

You will need to create a separate database file (.accdb or later) for each schema. Ensure you create the appropriate relationships between the tables (& relationship cardinality), and referential integrity has been enforced. Also ensure you have identified all keys.

Several of the example schemas have a lot of detail. To restrict the amount of work you need to do, please follow these guidelines:
• There must be at least 4 dimensions (in addition to the ‘Fact’ table). Each dimension must feature at least 4 fields (attributes), of which one field will be the primary key.
• There must be at least 3 key figures (measures) within the ‘Fact’ table (in addition to the foreign keys).

GOOD TO KNOW

Over-view of steps:
1. Create a new blank desktop database
2. Create your first dimension table
  2.1 Define the fields for the dimension table, together with the appropriate data types
  If you fail to define a primary key field for a table, when you save the table definition, Access will automatically create one for you and call it ‘id,’ and give it a data type of Autonumber. If this occurs, edit the structure of the table and remove this field from your table, as you have been asked to create your own primary key field. As a matter or practice, never use the data type Autonumber, as it is has significant short-comings we wish to avoid.  2.2 Define the key for the dimension table.
  2.3 Close and save this table.
3. Repeat 2. for each dimension table
4. Create the fact table. 
  4.1 Define the fields for the fact table, together with the appropriate data types (Please see the note above about removing the id field and not using the Autonumber data type)
  4.2 Define the key for the dimension table. This key will be a composite key.
  4.3 Close and save this table.
5. In the relationship screen, for each dimension table, define the relationship between each dimension table and the fact table. Ensure the relationship type is per the example schemas. Ensure referential integrity is turned on.
6. Close all tables views (not the database itself) and proceed to enter data into each dimension table, while keeping all other objects closed.
  6.1 As you complete data entry for each table, close that table.
7. Enter data into the fact table.
  7.1 Close this table.
8. Create the required query.
  8.1 Run the query.
9. Export the data generated from running the query to Excel.
10. In Excel, define the requested PivotTable.

Never enter data into any database table until you have first created all the tables in the database, all relationships, and have flipped referential integrity on for all relationships. Having done so, then go ahead and populate the tables! In other words, lock-in the database design (structure) before populating. To do it in any other order is just inviting complications. Also, do not attempt to populate the fact table before completing the populating of the dimension tables, as this will invoke the wrath of referential integrity.

Stop the frustration!

• Populate tables only after defining the schema has been completely finished (structure first!).
• Ensure that data types of foreign keys are the same as for the applicable primary keys.
• Populate the DIM (dimension) tables before the FACT (transactional) table.
• When working on the Relationship Screen, ensure no other tabs are showing (nothing else is open).
• Never use AutoNumber as a data type, as a field with such as data type cannot be used as a foreign key (think about it).
• For all fields except those holding numbers, select a text data type. Although not the best practice, will reduce the likelihood of certain errors.
• When defining your FACT table, ensure that the data types of the ‘measure’ fields are suitable for storing values – e.g., using the data type of Text to store transaction amounts is a poor choice (e.g., it will be difficult to sum the transaction amounts in the Excel PivotTable if Excel thinks they are text).
• General advice: Close all tabs in MS Access unless you are directly working on them (i.e., usually it is best to have only a single tab open at any point in time!). What students do not realize is that when you close things, there are check-n-balances run by Access, which may include unlocking data.

What do I actually mean by asking you to ‘reproduce the star schemas’ in MS Access? At the end of the day, I will open your .accdbfile up, turn to the relationship screen and I want to see there exactly what I see in the screenshot. I will then go ahead and inspect each table’s contents.

Resist the temptation to start putting data into the tables before the database structure has been finalized. Trust me: To put data in before this point is only inviting trouble. Unfortunately, this was may have been a bad habit you picked up in CISM 2530.

Trouble-shooting

• When I create a relationship in the relationship screen, it comes up as one-to-one, when I am expecting one-to-many?
  >> Check the status of the index field property – if the value is ‘Yes (No Duplicates)’ then this forces a 1:1 situation. This issue may also arise when a student has entered data before finalizing the database design – which is a big no no.

• I do not have the infinity sign showing in my relationship screen. 
  >> Check whether you turned on referential integrity for that relationship.

• When I create a relationship in the relationship screen, it will not let me and instead tells me something about a relationship must be on the same number of fields with the same data types. 
  >> Check whether you have been consistent with your choice of data types across the key/foreign key combos

• How do I make a composite key (aka. multi-attribute key) in Access? 
  >> How to create a composite key in Access – see here.

Again, do not input any data into the database until you are completely sure all the bugs have been worked out with regards database design – all tables must be there, all fields are there, and all relationships are there. Ok, now you can start with data input.

Crows Feet Notation

MS Access does not support crows feet notation: they support a notation not found anywhere else (which is why I highlight the crow’s feet thing, which is the dominant notation for drawing ERDs).

An important point here is that all star schemas are identical (apart from their differing domain focus). So, the 6 schemas provided to you are identical in structure. So,

also has the same meaning as the following, in terms of relationship cardinality

being an example of the middle one below (in terms of relationship type)

SOFTWARE NOTE

The mandatory schema for Frozen Food features a notation different to the one featured in MS Access’ relationship screen (which is only found in Access). This notation is called ‘crows feet,’ and is more-or-less an industry standard for data modeling (see here for more info on this notation).

Populate Tables

For each ‘dimensional’ table featured within your database, populate it with 3 (and no more than 3) records of ‘representative’ data. However, for the ‘fact’ table, you need to populate it with at least 7 records (failing to do so will result in a substantial penalty).

All fields must be populated for each record. As you may feel that some of the fields in the example star schemas are cryptic, you can use some liberty in their interpretation. Of course, given that you will probably not have access to the relevant data sets, you can make up the data, but the values should not be silly. I’ll repeat: where do I get data from? Answer: Please make up the data!

GOOD TO KNOW

If you have trouble entering the required number of records within the fact table, you may be:

• attempting to include within the fact table foreign key values that are not valid (e.g., entering a transaction for a customer that is not listed in the customer table), thereby violating referential integrity rules, or
• attempting to enter duplicate key values.

Let’s illustrate the specifics of this latter issue: assume a schema with 4 dimension tables + 1 fact table. I’ve made up abstract values to represent this situation, as shown below (4 dimension tables, each with 2 fields and 2 records; 1 fact table with 2 records, and 6 fields – 4 of which are part of the fact table’s composite key):

Create Query

For each schema, define a single query that features all fields within the star schema. Name this query PivotTable_Query. This query will produce ade-normalized dataset with many fields. This MS Access query will become the data source for your Access PivotTable.

Create PivotTable View

Import into Excel the data generated by the PivotTable_Query. Then in Excel, create a PivotTable (or use PowerPivot), with this data being the PivotTable’s data source. Then configure the PivotTable’s field list, so that your PivotTable features at least one column and one row dimension from the field list. Then sum the values for one of your key figures.

GOOD TO KNOW

Summing values within the PivotTable

Key figures hold measurement values of business events. Therefore, the data type chosen in MS Access for key figures should be of a numeric nature. However, if one has given key figures another type of data type–e.g., short text–then Excel will recognize the imported data as text, even if it looks like a number. It will therefore refuse to add it up, as one does not normally sum text.

SOFTWARE NOTE

MS wants end-users to start using its newish PowerPivot technology in Excel 2013. Given the increasingly larger sizes of data, and end-users’ demands to join multiple tabs of data from different sources in a single pivot, MS is pushing an Excel 2013 (PowerPivot) + Sharepoint + SQL Server (SQL Analysis Services) OLAP solution (see here for overview), rather than encouraging end-users to keep using Access.

SUBMISSION NOTE

1. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Solve the problem.

Find the installment price of a table bought on the installment plan with a down payment of $30 and 6 payments of $51.12.

2. Find the monthly interest rate.

What is the monthly interest rate if an annual rate is 17.5%?

Solve the problem.

3. Find the amount financed on a TV with a cash price $430.00 and a down payment of $86.00.

Solve the problem.

4. Find the amount financed if a $25 down payment is made on a camera with a cash price of $260

Solve the problem.

5. Find the installment price of a laptop computer bought on the installment plan with $90 down and 36 payments of $33.05.

Solve the problem.

6. A mountain bike has a cash price of $690.00. Eric purchases the bike by making a down payment of $69.00 and 24 payments of $38.74. Find the finance charge.

Solve the problem.

7. The installment price of a watch is $310.74 with 6 monthly payments and a down payment of $30. Find the monthly payment.

Solve the problem.

8. The installment price of a food processor is $379.48 with 18 monthly payments and a down payment of $40. Find the monthly payment.